Global Gemstone Production & Market Value Chart
Comprehensive overview of top-producing countries, key production metrics, and record market valuations for 20 principal gemstones.
| # | Gemstone | Top Producing Country / Region | Production Highlights & Volume | Highest Recorded Selling Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ruby | Myanmar (Burma), Mozambique, Tanzania | Mozambique leads in volume via Montepuez; Myanmar prized for elite historical quality. | $1.2 Million / carat |
| 2 | Sapphire | Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Kashmir, Australia | Sri Lanka and Madagascar dominate global supply; historical Kashmir stones hold supreme value. | $150,000 / carat |
| 3 | Emerald | Colombia, Zambia, Brazil | Colombia sets the quality benchmark (Muzo, Chivor); Zambia (Kagem mine) leads in volume. | $305,000 / carat |
| 4 | Diamond | Russia, Botswana, Canada, South Africa | Russia leads total volume output; Botswana and Canada lead in gem-quality diamond value. | $4.0 Million+ / carat (Colored) |
| 5 | Amethyst | Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia | Brazil produces massive geode volumes; Uruguay produces deep saturated purple geodes. | $50 / carat |
| 6 | Citrine | Brazil, Bolivia, Madagascar | Brazil is the primary commercial source; heat-treated amethyst forms the bulk of supply. | $30 / carat |
| 7 | Aquamarine | Brazil, Madagascar, Pakistan, Mozambique | Brazil is the historical leader in large flawless crystals; Pakistan yields high alpine specimens. | $1,500 / carat |
| 8 | Opal | Australia, Ethiopia, Mexico | Australia supplies over 90% of world precious opal (Lightning Ridge, Coober Pedy). | $3,500 / carat |
| 9 | Tanzanite | Tanzania | Exclusive single-source origin near Mount Kilimanjaro (Merelani Hills). | $1,200+ / carat |
| 10 | Garnet | India, Madagascar, Russia, Kenya | Extensive global distribution; rare varieties like Tsavorite mined primarily in Kenya and Tanzania. | $7,000 / carat (Tsavorite) |
| 11 | Peridot | United States (Arizona), Pakistan, China | Pakistan (Sapat mine) produces large, pristine crystal specimens; US supplies commercial volume. | $450 / carat |
| 12 | Tourmaline | Brazil, Nigeria, Mozambique, Afghanistan | Brazil and African nations lead in diverse bi-color and Paraiba copper-bearing tourmalines. | $60,000 / carat (Paraiba) |
| 13 | Topaz | Brazil, Pakistan, Russia, Nigeria | Ouro Preto in Brazil is famous for rare imperial topaz; general blue topaz is artificially irradiated. | $3,500 / carat (Imperial) |
| 14 | Jade | Myanmar, Guatemala, Russia | Myanmar produces nearly all top-grade Imperial Jadeite; Guatemala supplies working-grade jade. | $3.0 Million / carat (Imperial) |
| 15 | Turquoise | Iran, United States, China, Mexico | Nishapur (Iran) historically produces the finest spiderweb turquoise; China leads volume. | $1,000 / carat |
| 16 | Pearl | Australia, Japan, China, French Polynesia | Australia (South Sea), French Polynesia (Tahitian black), and China (freshwater aquaculture). | $35,000+ per strand / pearl |
| 17 | Quartz | Brazil, United States, Madagascar | Ubiquitous mineral deposits worldwide; Brazil and Arkansas (US) lead crystal cluster output. | $100 / carat |
| 18 | Moonstone | Sri Lanka, India, Myanmar, Madagascar | Sri Lanka is prized for classic blue adularescence; India produces high-volume body colors. | $500 / carat |
| 19 | Spinel | Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Vietnam | Long mistaken for ruby historically; glowing red and cobalt blue varieties command high luxury value. | $20,000 / carat |
| 20 | Zircon | Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Australia, Myanmar | Sri Lanka and Cambodia produce rich blue, yellow, and clear natural zircon crystals. | $800 / carat |